chr – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Kopf eines Mannes, 1. Jh. v. Chr. – 2. Jh. n. Chr., Gegossene Bronze, H: 40 cm, Qaryat al-Faw
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Head of a man, 1st century BC – 2nd century AD, Cast bronze, H: 40 cm, locality: Qaryat al-Faw

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Ischtar-Tor, Detail: schreitender Stier, Babylon, 6. Jh. v. Chr. Tonziegel, gebrannt und farbig glasiert © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Maximilian Meisse
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Ishtar Gate, Detail: Striding bull, Babylon, 6th century BC, clay tiles, baked and glazed in various colours © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Photo: Maximilian Meisse

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Erbteilungsurkunde, Ankauf, Sippar, Zeit Sin-muballits (1813-1793 v. Chr.), Gebrannter Ton, © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Settlement of an estate among heirs, new acquisition, Sippar, from the time of Sin-muballit (1813-1793 BC), burnt clay, © Museum of the Ancient Near East, National Museums in Berlin, photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Dattelfläschchen, ergänzt, Babylon, Mitte 1. - ca. Mitte 2. Jh. n. Chr., Glas, © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Small date-shaped bottle, partly restored, Babylon, middle of 1st century AD - approx. middle of 2nd century AD, glass, © Museum of the Ancient Near East, National Museums in Berlin, photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Landschenkungsurkunde aus Stein, über und über verziert mit göttlichen Symbolen, 14.-13. Jh. v. Chr. © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Deed of land donation made of stone, decorated all over with divine symbols, 14th to 13th centuries BC © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Der Wettergott Adad, auf einem Rollsiegel aus kostbarem Lapislazuli dargestellt 9. Jh. v. Chr. © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	The weather god Adad, depicted on a cylinder seal made from precious lapis lazuli, 9th century BC © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Die Geschichte kennt Nebukadnezar II. (605-562 v. Chr.) als ruhmreichen Heerführer und erfolgreichen Staatsmann, der sein eigenes Land zu großem Wohlstand und innerem Frieden führte.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	History describes Nebukadnezar II. (605-562 B.C.) as a celebrated commander of the army and successful statesman who led his own country to considerable wealth and domestic peace.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Unter dem Gesicht ist häufig eine aramäische Inschrift mit Namen und Abstammung des Toten angebracht, sie erlaubt eine Datierung der Stelen in das 5. - 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr. Andere Stelen zeigen nur ein Augenpaar.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	“Eye stelae” are funerary monuments of deceased persons, whose characterising feature is a stylised human face. Often an Aramaic inscription with the name and origin of the deceased is located below the face. This enables the dating of the stelae to the 5th/4th century BC. Other stelae display merely two eyes.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Dedan war im 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. die Hauptstadt der Königreiche Dedan und Lihyan. Das Handelszentrum an der Schnittstelle der Weihrauchstraße und den Routen zur östlichen Küste des Roten Meeres lebte von der Landwirtschaft und vom Karawanenhandel.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	During the first millennium B.C. Dedan was the capital of the kingdoms of Dedan and Lihyan. A trade centre on the crossroads of the incense route and routes to the eastern coast of the Red Sea, Dedan thrived on agriculture and caravans.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Berühmt ist der altbabylonische Herrscher Hammurapi (1810-1750 v. Chr.) als "König der Gerechtigkeit" durch eine der ältesten vollständig erhaltenen Rechtssammlungen seines Großreiches an Euphrat und Tigris.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	The ancient Babylonian King Hammurabi (1810-1750 B.C.) is remembered as the "King of Justice" on account of the oldest surviving collection of legal documents ever found that stem from his mighty kingdom on the banks of the Euphrates and Tigris.

SCHAHNAME

Das von dem persischen Dichter Abu l-Qasem Ferdausi (940/41 - 1020 n. Chr.) verfasste Epos Schahname ("Königsbuch") erzählt in 62 Sagen mit über 50.000 Versen die gesamte Geschichte der alten Könige von Iran - beginnend vom antiken Persien bis zur islamischen Eroberung durch die Araber im Jahr 651 n. Chr. Als Vorlage verwendete Ferdausi uralte Mythen und Sagen, die aus schriftlichen Quellen und mündlich tradierten Erzählungen überliefert waren.

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Authored by the persian poet Abu l-Qasem Ferdausi (940/41 - 1020 AD) the Schahname ("Book of Kings") tells the entire story of the old Kings of Iran in 62 myths with over 50.000 verses - beginning in the ancient Persia until the Islamic conquest by the Arabians in the year 651 AD. As templates Ferdausi used ancient myths and legends that were bequeathed in written sources and orally passed tales. Ferdausi completed his works in the year 1010 after 35 years.

Qaryat al-Faw war die erste Grabungsstätte. Hier wurden einzigartige Zeugnisse einer reichen und komplexen Zivilisation aus der Zeit vom Ende des 4. Jh. v. Chr. bis zum Anfang des 4. Jh. n. Chr. gefunden.

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Since the early 1970s Saudi universities and the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities explore the archaeological heritage of Saudi Arabia in cooperation with international colleagues. Qaryat al-Faw has been the first excavation site. Unique evidence of a wealthy and complex civilisation (from 4th century BC to early 4th century AD) has been found here. Qaryat al-Faw was the first capital city of the Kindah Kingdom.

Hier wurden die ältesten Mauerreste Saudi-Arabiens gefunden, die aus der Mitte des 2. Jt. v. Chr. stammen. Für die Midianiter, die etwa um 1500 v. Chr. in die Gegend kamen und Nordarabien beherrschten, war der Handel ein wichtiger Faktor ihrer Autorität und ihres wachsenden Reichtums.

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The oasis town Tayma is located in the north-west of the Arabian Peninsula at the intersection of old trade routes. The oldest wall remains in Saudi Arabia, which originate from the middle of the 2nd millennium BC have been found here. Trade was an important factor of authority and increasing wealth for the Midianites, who came to the area in 1500 BC and controlled Northern Arabia. An important event in the history of Tayma was the construction of a new residence for the Babylonian King Nabonid (555 - 539 BC) who was forced to escape Babylon during the last years of his governance.

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SCHAHNAME

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Anders zur Welt kommen:...

Historisch gesehen, lässt sich die Praxis der Verschleierung von Frauen weit in vorislamische Zeit zurückverfolgen. Sicher ist, dass in Mesopotamien zur Zeit der Assyrer (ca. 1800-600 v. Chr.) angesehene Frauen ihr Haupt in der Öffentlichkeit bedeckten.

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Hidden behind the generic term "veil" are very different kinds of cloth that are attributed to a Muslim woman's attire. Headscarves and shawls covering the hair and occasionally also the neck, chest, and shoulders belong to it as well as facial veils or large-sized cloth hiding the female body. From a historic perspective the practice of the veiling of women can be retraced far into pre-Islamic times. It is certain that in Mesopotamia at the times of the Assyrians (about 1800 - 600 B.C.) reputable women covered their heads in public. The veil was a sign of respectability and of a high social status. Representations of women from the Hittite empire (about 1600 - 700 B.C.) prove the use of a cloak-like head wrapreaching down to the ankles. Similarly the Greeks and the Byzantines both knew veiling and the separationof sexes - societal practices probably spreading to Egypt around the 3rd century B.C. So it was not the religion of Islam which introduced the practice of veiling. In the Quran two Suras refer to the behaviour and clothing of women; both can be interpreted very differently depending on one's perspective.

Die Ausgrabungsstätte Madain Salih ist ein einzigartiges Zeugnis der nabatäischen Kultur, die sich über 700 Jahre - etwa von 600 v. Chr. bis 120 n.Chr. - entwickelte. Ein außer-gewöhnliches System der Wasser-speicherung und -versorgung bildete die Grundlage für eine effektive Landwirtschaft, die den Reichtum der Handelsmetropole sicherte.

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The excavation site of Madain Salih presents unique evidence of the Nabatean culture that developed over 700 years - from about 600 BC to 120 AD. An extraordinary system for water storage and supply formed the foundation for an effective agriculture which assured the wealth of the trade metropolis. Not only the well known monumental tombs, which have been carved from rock, but also numerous excavation pieces from everyday life, art and architecture bear witness of the fascinating culture of the Nabateans.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Ischtar-Tor, Babylon, 6. Jh. v. Chr., Frontalansicht, Tonziegel, gebrannt und farbig glasiert © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Maximilian Meisse
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Ishtar Gate, Frontal view, Babylon, 6th century BC, clay tiles, baked and glazed in various colours © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Photo: Maximilian Meisse

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Dachziegel mit Giebelabschluss und Palmette, Babylon, Babil, Palast, seleukidisch, 3.-2. Jh. v. Chr., Keramik, © Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Vorderasiatisches Museum
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Roof tile with gable end and palmette, Babylon, Babil, palace, Seleucid, 3rd-2nd century BC, ceramic, © National Museums in Berlin, Museum of the Ancient Near East

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Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Kopf eines Mannes, 1. Jh. v. Chr. – 2. Jh. n. Chr., Gegossene Bronze, H: 40 cm, Qaryat al-Faw
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Head of a man, 1st century BC – 2nd century AD, Cast bronze, H: 40 cm, locality: Qaryat al-Faw

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	al-Hamra Stele, ca. 4. Jh. v.Chr., Sandstein, H: 102 cm, B: 45 cm, T: 16 cm, Fundort: Tayma
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	al-Hamra stele, ca. 4th century BC, Sandstone, H: 102 cm, B: 45 cm, T: 16 cm, locality: Tayma’

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Bronzener Fisch mit Orakelinschrift von Nebukadnezar II., Babylon, 592 v. Chr., 8,2 x 2,5 cm; © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin; Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Bronze fish with an oracle inscription of Nebuchadnezzar II, Babylon, 592 BC, 8.2 x 2.5 cm; © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin; Photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	"Augen-Stele", 5. - 4. Jh. v. Chr., Sandstein, H: 72 cm, B: 26 cm, T: 15 cm, Fundort: Tayma
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Funerary stele, 5th - 4th centuries BC, Sandstone, 26 x 15 x 72 cm, Tayma

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Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Statue eines Mannes, 4. – 3. Jh. v. Chr., roter Sandstein, H: 230, B: 83 cm, Fundort: al-’Ula
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Statue of a man, 4th–3rd century BC, red sandstone, H: 230, B: 83 cm, locality: al-’Ula

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Reich verzierter Krug aus Babylon, 7. Jh. v. Chr. © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Foto: Olaf M. Teßmer
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Richly decorated Babylonian jug, 7th century BC © Vorderasiatisches Museum, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Photo: Olaf M. Teßmer

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Quadratischer Ziegel mit Inschriftstempel, Babylon, Zeit Nebukadnezars II. (605-562 v. Chr.), Gebrannter Ton, © Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Vorderasiatisches Museum
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define smb.museum as primary domain	Square brick with stamped inscription, Babylon, from the time of Nebuchadnezzar II (605- 562 BC), burnt clay, © National Museums in Berlin, Museum of the Ancient Near East