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  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Ces cavernes ont été creusées dans le roc par l'action des vagues qui se sont brisées pendant des siècles sur la dolomite poreuse des falaises. La Grotte compte au moins deux entrées sous-marines qui la font communiquer avec la baie.
These caves were carved from the rock face by centuries of waves beating on the porous dolomite of the cliffs. At least two underwater entrances lead into the Grotto from the Bay.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
Puisqu'il s'agit d'une construction humaine, il est probable qu'elle ait été placée au bord de l'eau. La ligne des 2 mètre semble donc plus raisonnable : à ce niveau, l'île apparaîtrait comme un affleurement de bonne taille et non pas comme un simple morceau de roc sortant de l'eau.
Above, a recently constructed contour map has been used to help picture what the cove would have looked like at various times in the past. Notice that, at 3 m , the breakwater along the east edge was virtually totally underwater. As this is a man made feature, it is likely that it was constructed to the edge of the water. The 2 m line appears to be a more reasonable level. That level would also show the island as a decent sized outcrop, not just a piece of rock surfacing out of the water.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Franchissez le pont qui enjambe un ruisseau alimenté par le glacier; vous vous trouvez alors sur des surfaces calcaires polies qui étaient encore ensevelies sous les glaces dans les années 1950. Les égratignures et les entailles du roc révèlent la trajectoire de la glace.
The trail steepens and reaches the top of a rock bench, where you can see the edge of the glacier just ahead. By all means, approach the iceit's wonderful to be able to actually touch a glacierbut watch where you put your feet! Avoid any places that look wet. You can plunge past your ankles into water-saturated mud known locally as glacial goop. And if you go on the ice itself, stay in the safe area. Read the warning box beside the map.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Des fossiles de végétaux vieux de 300 millions d'années sont incrustés dans les blocs géants de grès, témoins des vies antérieures de Fundy. Le roc garde même les traces des rides des anciennes plages.
Seaside cliffs are always impressive. This specialized habitat is often noticed for its striking beauty, but overlooked as a place for plants and animals. Fossils of 300 million-year-old plants lie embedded in giant blocks of sandstone, indicating the past lifetimes of Fundy. Even the ripple marks of ancient beaches are preserved in this rock. Today the endangered peregrine falcon nests on these cliffs. Extreme slope, salt spray and wind support only sparse and specialized vegetation, such as roseroot ( Rosea sedum). The rarest plants in the park, that grew in the cold of retreating glaciers, like to grow on these steep cliffs along the Bay of Fundy.
  Parcs Canada - Plan de ...  
À bien des endroits le long du littoral, les falaises se précipitent dans la mer, 200 ou 300 mètres plus bas, tandis qu'à l'intérieur des terres, se trouvent d'innombrables lacs et des rivières rocailleuses aux eaux vives.
The eroded remains of the ancient Appalachian Mountains give this region a rugged, hilly countenance. Along the coast in many places, sea cliffs rise precipitously 200-300 metres. Inland are innumerable lakes and rocky, fast-flowing rivers. The wounds left by the passing of the glaciers have not healed over much of the region. Large areas of exposed bedrock where the soil has been scraped away remain. Other areas are covered by glacial till. Lichen-encrusted erratic boulders perch on barren hilltops.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
La mise en chantier d’une voie navigable exige de creuser un canal, d’aménager des écluses en maçonnerie, de percer des tunnels et de construire des drains, des déversoirs, etc. Ces exploits d’ingénierie hydraulique seront réalisés avec du matériel de base : pelles, pics, pioches, seaux, tarières, bêches, barres de fer pour excaver et fendre le roc.
Having only their brawn to provide power, the Irish were at the heart of the construction of the Lachine Canal and its two subsequent expansions. Creating a navigable waterway requires digging a canal, building masonry locks, digging tunnels, and building drains, spillways, etc. These hydraulic engineering exploits were carried out with basic equipment: shovels, picks, pickaxes, buckets, augers, spades, and iron bars to dig put and split the rock; trowels, chisels, mallets, etc, for stone cutting; and axes, hammers, chisels, squares, etc. for making the lock gates.
  Parcs Canada - Plan de ...  
Les pics acérés, les pentes marquées par les avalanches et les plaques de glace et de neige éternelles classent ces parcs parmi les endroits les plus rudes de l'Ouest canadien. Plus de la moitié de leur superficie se trouve au-dessus de la limite des arbres, dans un monde désolé de glace et de roc.
These parks preserve a sample of the rugged Columbia Mountains. The sharp peaks, avalanche-scarred slopes and sheets of perpetual ice and snow make these among the most rugged areas of western Canada. Over half of their area is above the tree line, a stark world of ice and rock. Heavy precipitation creates a lush forest of western red cedar and western hemlock in the valleys and feeding over 400 glaciers, some of which are visible from the highway. Plentiful snow and steep slopes combine to make these parks active avalanche areas. The many avalanche slopes provide excellent forage for both black and grizzly bears.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Dans la terre de roc et de neige, au-dessus des derniers arbres, poussent de vigoureuses fleurs sauvages, notamment le silène acaule, le saxifrage à feuilles opposées, l'érythrome à grandes fleurs, la véronique de Wormskiold, le myosotis des Alpes, l'anémone occidentale, la dryade à feuilles entières, le rumex petite-oseille, la phacélie soyeuse et trois espèces de bruyères.
In the land of rock and snow, above the last trees, there are found some hardy wildflowers. Among them are Moss Campion, Purple Saxifrage, Glacier Lily, Alpine Speedwell, Alpine Forget-Me-Not, Western Anemone, White Mountain Avens, Mountain Sorrel, Silky Phacelia, and three different heathers.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Située dans les chaînes frontales, soit les montagnes les plus à l'est des Rocheuses, la région des sources thermales Miette témoigne de l'histoire géologique de la formation des montagnes. Cette région a déjà été un plancher océanique peu profond qui a accumulé, couche après couche, du sable et du limon pendant plus de 300 millions d'années.
Located in the front ranges, or the eastern-most mountains in the Rockies, the Miette Hotsprings area tells the geological story of mountain formation. The region was once a shallow seabed that collected layers upon layers of sand and silt for over 300 million years. These flat layers of silt compressed into rock over time and were thrust skyward some 85 million years ago when drifting volcanic islands in the Pacific collided with the west coast of Canada. The twisting and folded layers of rock seen in the area and the near-vertical angle of mountains like Ashlar Ridge, seen from the new aquacourt, are visable examples of the raw power and force of our planet's interior.
  Parcs Canada - Gestion ...  
Les lignes ont été créées à des endroits permettant de se rendre à des points aussi élevés que possible dans la vallée. Les arbres ont été retirés et le sol a été gratté pour enlever les matières combustibles et ne laisser que le sol minéral (argile, gravier ou roc).
From August 11 to 15, six bulldozers (caterpillar tractors) and an excavator created physical containment lines at right angles to the highway on the west and east sides. The locations of these cat lines were chosen for their ability to go as high up the valley as possible. Trees were removed and the soil was scraped clear of burnable material to mineral soil (clay, gravel or bare rock). Facing the Bow Valley, a cat line of 30 m wide was created on both sides of the highway. 150 m south another cat line was created but only one blade width (6 m) wide.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Le paysage est façonné par le roc dur du Bouclier canadien et caractérisé par quelques espèces de plantes rustiques adaptées à ces conditions rigoureuses : le lichen, le pin blanc, le genévrier et le chêne rouge.
The landscape is dominated by the hard Shield rock and by a few hardy plant species suited to rigorous conditions: lichens, white pines, junipers and red oak. Yet there are also small but dense stands of sugar maple and beech. Scattered among the rock outcrops are hundreds of small bogs and ponds. More kinds of reptiles and amphibians live here than anywhere else in Canada, 33 species. In the summer, the black tem, a bird not usually found this far north, is an occasional visitor while the snowy owl, a resident of the open arctic tundra, sometimes wanders this far south in the winter.
  Parcs Canada - Plan de ...  
L'épinette blanche, qui résiste bien au sel, domine les zones les plus exposées. Des feux de forêt répétés ont laissé derrière eux de vastes zones de roc dénudé, de tourbières et de terres arides. On retrouve un peu partout dans la région des peuplements isolés de la prucheraie ancienne.
Along a band of coastline 3-30 kilometres wide are dense, stunted forests of balsam fir, black spruce and white spruce. The growth of trees along the coast is slow because of the marginal soil, harsh climate and salt spray. White spruce, which are salt-tolerant, dominate along the most exposed areas. Large areas of bare rock, bogs and barre-nlands have resulted from repeated fires. Isolated stands of old-growth hemlock forest are found throughout the region. Inland, mixed wood forests of red spruce, white pine, red oak and red maple are typical on well-drained sites. Although the combination of soil and climate is more conducive to growing trees here than it is along the coast, large barren areas and areas covered by low shrubs are still found. Fire and wind strongly influence the appearance of the vegetation in this region.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Située dans les chaînes frontales, soit les montagnes les plus à l'est des Rocheuses, la région des sources thermales Miette témoigne de l'histoire géologique de la formation des montagnes. Cette région a déjà été un plancher océanique peu profond qui a accumulé, couche après couche, du sable et du limon pendant plus de 300 millions d'années.
Located in the front ranges, or the eastern-most mountains in the Rockies, the Miette Hotsprings area tells the geological story of mountain formation. The region was once a shallow seabed that collected layers upon layers of sand and silt for over 300 million years. These flat layers of silt compressed into rock over time and were thrust skyward some 85 million years ago when drifting volcanic islands in the Pacific collided with the west coast of Canada. The twisting and folded layers of rock seen in the area and the near-vertical angle of mountains like Ashlar Ridge, seen from the new aquacourt, are visable examples of the raw power and force of our planet's interior.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
À cette époque, les basses terres du Saint-Laurent ont été recouvertes d'une épaisse couche de glace. Avec le recul des glaciers, l'affaissement du socle rocheux amena la mer à envahir la région. Cette période permit à l'Atlantique d'étendre un de ses bras jusque dans les basses terres du Saint-Laurent marquant ce que l'on appelle « l'épisode de la mer de Champlain ».
The geomorphology of this site was greatly modified by the various ice ages that affected Canada many thousands of years ago. At that time, the St. Lawrence Lowlands were covered in a thick layer of ice. As the ice receded, the sagging of the platform rocks allowed the sea to overrun the region. During this period, the Atlantic extended an arm as far as the St. Lawrence Lowlands. Geologists call this the "Champlain Sea Episode". The maximum depth of this sea was 185 to 215 m, roughly the height of the peak of Mount Saint-Bruno. We can thus be sure that the whole area was under water during this period. In the depths of this sea, fine particles of clay clotted and precipitated, covering the till left by previous ice ages and the underlying rock.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
Le site de Narrows demeura inactif pendant deux ans. Le problème rencontré à Newboro dans l'excavation du roc força By à changer son plan. En fin de compte, il décida de relever de 1,2 mètres (quatre pieds) le niveau de l'eau dans le lac Upper Rideau en construisant un barrage à Narrows.
Colonel By's initial plan was to deepen the channel to a navigable depth. The contract was granted to William Hartwell in 1827, but Hartwell had to withdraw due to financial problems. The problem in excavation of the rock at Newboro forced By to change his plan. In the end, he chose to raise the level of water in the Upper Rideau by four feet through the construction of a dam at the Narrows. The contract for the dam and lock was given to Bell and Richardson who completed the work by late 1831. As mentioned before, the single lock was built in the embankment constructed to raise the waters of the Upper Rideau Lake. Also incorporated in the dam was a wooden waste weir. It was built at the site of the original channel. Many waste weirs have replaced the original. The first concrete waste weir is believed to have been built in 1925.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
À 2 000 m d'altitude environ, la saison de croissance est si courte qu'il est impossible aux arbres de survivre. Au moins 50 % de la superficie du parc national du Mont-Revelstoke se trouve au-dessus de la limite des arbres, et elle est surtout composée de roc.
At about 2000m elevation on average, the growing season becomes so short that trees can no longer survive. Fully 50% of the area of Glacier National Park is found above treeline. Much of this area is rock. About 12% of the park is permanent ice and snow. Tundra vegetation includes heather and sedge meadows, but in many places only lichen survives, encrusting the rock. Areas above the treeline provide year-round or seasonal habitat for such wildlife as grizzly bear, mountain goat, white-tailed ptarmigan, hoary marmot, golden-mantled ground squirrel, mountain caribou and pika.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Bien que les affleurements rocheux eux-mêmes n'abritent pas beaucoup d'animaux, les lisières entre la forêt et le roc sont grouillantes d'oiseaux. La paruline des prés, oiseau du sud relativement rare au Canada, niche dans les genévriers qui y poussent.
Although the rock outcrops themselves do not shelter many animals, the borders between forest and rock are alive with bird life. The prairie warbler, a southern bird relatively rare here in Canada, nests in junipers which grow in these areas. The common nighthawk also uses the open rock to nest. Although this bird has adapted readily to city life where it uses rooftops, its natural nesting grounds are rocks such as are found all over the Bay. Pine warblers, which nest only in pines, and the rufous-sided towhee are two other birds associated with this habitat.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Bien que les affleurements rocheux eux-mêmes n'abritent pas beaucoup d'animaux, les lisières entre la forêt et le roc sont grouillantes d'oiseaux. La paruline des prés, oiseau du sud relativement rare au Canada, niche dans les genévriers qui y poussent.
Although the rock outcrops themselves do not shelter many animals, the borders between forest and rock are alive with bird life. The prairie warbler, a southern bird relatively rare here in Canada, nests in junipers which grow in these areas. The common nighthawk also uses the open rock to nest. Although this bird has adapted readily to city life where it uses rooftops, its natural nesting grounds are rocks such as are found all over the Bay. Pine warblers, which nest only in pines, and the rufous-sided towhee are two other birds associated with this habitat.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Aux chutes Sunwapta, la vallée de la Chaba – plus petite et suspendue – et la vallée de l'Athabasca, plus grande, se rejoignent pour former une cascade en gradins spectaculaire qui a sculpté une profonde gorge de calcaire dans le roc à quelques mètres sous la passerelle.
Hanging valleys were formed when glacier ice receded 8000 years ago, leaving behind broad U-shaped valleys. Larger valleys were carved deeper than smaller ones and in places where the two meet, the smaller valleys "hang" at a higher elevation. This is an excellent place to find waterfalls. At Sunwapta Falls, the smaller "hanging" Chaba Valley and larger Athabasca Valley join in a spectacular stepping waterfall that has carved a deep limestone gorge out of the rock some metres below the footbridge.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
© Parcs Canada / Jacques Beardsell / ROC.096.D.0005
© Parks Canada / Jacques Beardsell / ROC.096.D.0005
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
L’appel à la gratitude mohawke est commémoré par une sculpture en roc située au belvédère de Mallorytown Landing. Chacune des images qui ornent la sculpture a également été gravée sur des roches dispersées au sol.
Barbecues are available for picnickers and communal picnic tables can accommodate large groups. Contact the park to reserve the picnic shelter or gazebo free of charge.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
Principalement roc et sols minces
Primarily rock and shallow soils
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
La rivière Kicking Horse à creusé un pont naturel dans le roc. À 1,6 km de la Transcanadienne, sur la route du lac Emerald.
The Kicking Horse River has carved a natural bridge through solid rock, 1.6 km from the Trans-Canada highway on the Emerald Lake Road.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Attention! La bruine provenant des chutes couvre le roc environnant d'une mince couche d'eau très glissante. Pour votre propre sécurité, ne traversez pas les rampes.
Caution - Mist from the falls covers surrounding rocks with a thin, slippery film of water. For your own safety, do not cross the railings.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
À faible distance du terrain de stationnement, le sentier traverse un vaste pré humide où se succèdent plusieurs monticules. Chacune de ces bosses de terrain était à l'origine un gros rocher de calcaire qui a été fragmenté par le gel et le dégel de l'eau dans les fissures du roc.
Hikers work hard along this trail, gaining 460 m of elevation in only 3 km, but they are rewarded with spectacular views of the Maligne Valley and an abundance of alpine wildflowers.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
Quant au dernier élargissement, si les excavatrices à vapeur sont mises à contribution, une bonne partie du travail est toujours réalisée à main d’homme. À l’œuvre de l’aube à l’aurore, six jours durant, ces hommes durs à la tâche excaveront, beau temps, mauvais temps, un canal de 15,5 km dans un sol composé au tiers de roc.
As for the last expansion, while steam-powered excavators were used, a good part of the work was still accomplished by manpower. Working from dawn until dusk six days a week, rain or shine, these hard-working men dug a 15.5-km canal out of ground that was one third rock.
  Parcs Canada - Lieu his...  
La poudre noire est également très utilisée pour faire sauter le roc. Il faut deux jours pour forer un trou que l'on emplit ensuite de cet explosif. La terre et la pierre sont ensuite évacuées avec des charrettes tirées par des chevaux.
Gunpowder was also used to dynamite rock. It took two days to drill a hole that was then filled with this explosive. The dynamited earth and rock were then hauled away in horse-drawn carts.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
La glaciation est un autre facteur qui a favorisé la diversification de la végétation et de la faune que l'on trouve en ces lieux. En certains endroits, le roc a été décapé de tout sol, tandis qu'ailleurs, d'épais dépôts de till facilitent la croissance de forêts d'arbres feuillus.
Glaciation is another factor responsible for the great variety of vegetation and animal life found here. In places, the rock has been scoured of all soil, while in others, thick deposits of till favour growth of hardwood forest. Glaciers have also been responsible for gouging out depressions which have been filled with the ponds and bogs so typical of this area.
  Parcs Canada - Parc nat...  
Une grande partie des montagnes Rocheuses consiste de roc désagrégé. Attention aux éboulements lorsque vous vous trouvez sur une forte pente.
Travel in avalanche prone terrain also requires the use of specialized equipment (avalanche transceiver, probe and shovel). Use of this equipment requires practice, and instruction from a skilled user.
  Parcs Canada - Plan de ...  
Les couches sédimentaires des montagnes - d'anciens fonds marins transformés en roc et projetés vers le ciel - témoignent d'événements survenus il y a un milliard d'années et qui se sont poursuivis jusqu'à l'époque des mammifères, et constituent la succession de roches sédimentaires la plus complète au Canada.
The sedimentary strata of the mountains - ancient seabeds compressed into rock and thrust into the sky - bear witness to events from a billion years ago to the age of mammals, the most complete sequence of sedimentary rocks found in Canada. The Burgess Shale Formation in Yoho National Park contains a remarkably preserved record of sea life from over 500 million years ago.
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