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Elles sont divisées en différents types, dont les principaux sont le ‘type B', avec en positions 7 et 8 un C-OR et un C=O respectivement (Déoxynivalenol (DON), NIV, etc), et le ‘type A' avec en 7 un C-H et en 8 un groupement autre qu'un carbonyle (isovalerate dans le cas de T-2 et HT-2, C-H dans celui du DAS).
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There are over 150 different trichothecenes. Chemically, their common characteristic is a tetracyclic structure called ‘12,13-epoxytrichothecene'. They are divided into different types, the major ones being ‘type B', with a C-OR and a C=O in 7th and 8th positions, respectively (déoxynivalenol (DON), NIV, etc), and ‘type A' with a C-H in 7th position and a group other than carbonyl (isovalerate in the case of T-2 and HT-2, C-H in the case of DAS) in 8th position. Two acetates and one alcohol are also found in T-2. By hydrolysing the acetate in C-4, T-2 is converted into HT-2.
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