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  Modification de la qual...  
Un design expérimental 23 a été utilisé pour tester les interactions entre l’âge à l’abattage (12-13 ou 18-20 mois), les hormones de croissance (Component E-S, TE-S), la supplémentation alimentaire avec ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC), et les croisements de race [Hereford-Aberdeen Angus (HAA) ou Charolais-Angus Rouge (CRA)] sur le pH, la température, les mesures objectives de couleur, les contenus en myoglobine, la longueur des sarcomères, la force de cisaillement, et la perte en eau des muscles semitendinosus (ST) et gluteus medius (GM) de 112 bouvillons.
A 23 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12-13 or 18-20 mo), growth implants use (Component E-S, TE-S), ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) feed supplementation use and breed cross [Hereford-Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais-Red Angus (CRA)] on pH, temperature, objective colour measurements, relative myoglobin states, sarcomere lengths, shear force, and water losses of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. In the ST, age affected objective colour measurements by increasing chroma and decreasing lightness (L*) and hue angle (P<0.05). Metmyoglobin (MMB) content of the ST also increased with steer age (P<0.05). In the GM, yearling-fed steers had greater MMB content than calf-fed steers, while hue angle varied the opposite way (P<0.05). Other variations in meat colour and myoglobin contents were more complex in the GM than the ST as they involved three-way interactions between the different treatments. Shear force and purge loss of the ST increased with implantation (P<0.05) with no change in sarcomere length (P>0.05). Shear force standard deviation was similar for breed crosses when yearling-fed but greatest for CRA breed cross when calf-fed (P<0.05). In both muscles, purge loss was increased by RAC supplementation (P<0.05). RAC supplementation did not affect sarcomere length and shear force in both muscles (P>0.10). In the GM, shear force increased with age and with CRA genetics (P<0.05). Results indicated that producers seeking to reduce beef toughness should consider using British crossbreds, exclude the use of hormonal implants and slaughter process steers at 12 to 13 mo of age.
  Modifications des propr...  
Un design expérimental 24 a été utilisé pour tester les interactions entre l’âge à l’abattage (12-13 ou 18-20 mois), les hormones de croissance, le β-adrénergique agoniste ractopaminehydrochloride (RAC), et les croisements de race (Hereford-Aberdeen Angus (HAA) ou Charolais-Angus Rouge (CRA)) sur la composition, les fibres musculaires, et le tissu conjonctif des muscles semitendinosus (ST) etgluteusmedius (GM) de 112 bouvillons.
A 24 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12-13 or 18-20 mo), growth hormone use, β-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) use and breed cross [Hereford-Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais-Red Angus (CRA)] on the composition, fibre types, and connective tissue characteristics of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. Muscle weights increased with slaughter age, implantation and CRA genetics (P<0.05), but were not affected by ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) (P>0.10). Animal age increased fast glycolytic (FG) and decreased fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibre percentages by 7.2 and 6.6%, respectively, in the ST and increased slow oxidative (SO) and FOG fibre areas in both muscles (P<0.05). Cross-sectional areas of all fibre types were increased in the ST with implantation. In the GM, implantation increased SO (3.1%) and reduced FOG (3.2%) fibre percentages, while RAC reduced the SO (3.8%) and increased the FG (6.1%) fibre percentages (P<0.05). Only GM total collagen content increased with slaughter age (P<0.05), but collagen solubility decreased with slaughter age for both muscles (P<0.05). CRA genetics increased FG percentage in the GM of yearling-fed steers and increased moisture and protein and reduced fat contents of both muscles (P<0.05). In the muscles studied, IMP, slaughter age and animal genetics induced greater changes in muscle inherent properties than RAC.