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Emission-based source attribution information is also shown in Table 38. Noranda-Gaspé, Noranda-Horne and Noranda-CCR are stand-alone facilities, and all metal emissions may be attributed to copper smelting or copper refining. Most metal emissions in the Sudbury region are attributable to copper processing, although the Inco-Copper Cliff facility also includes a nickel refinery, which contributes to releases of Cu, Ni, Pb and As. The zinc pressure leaching process used at HBM&S-Flin Flon is reported to have insignificant emissions of metals, and emissions from this facility may be fully attributed to the copper smelter. Between 14% and 92% of metal emissions from the Falconbridge-Kidd Creek facility are attributable to copper processing. It should be noted, however, that because these attributions are based on only a partial inventory of sources (e.g., fugitive releases from tailings areas are not included), the relative contributions of smelters and refineries to total metal deposition rates estimated from monitoring data may be somewhat overestimated.
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